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Utilization threshold of surface water and groundwater based on the system optimization of crop planting

Qiang FU,Jiahong LI,Tianxiao LI,Dong LIU,Song CUI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第3期   页码 231-240 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016101

摘要： Based on the diversity of the agricultural system, this research calculates the planting structures of rice, maize and soybean considering the optimal economic-social-ecological aspects. Then, based on the uncertainty and randomness of the water resources system, the interval two-stage stochastic programming method, which introduces the uncertainty of the interval number, is used to calculate the groundwater exploitation and the use efficiency of surface water. The method considers the minimum cost of water as the objective of the uncertainty model for surface water and groundwater joint scheduling optimization for different planting structures. Finally, by calculating harmonious entropy, the optimal exploitation utilization interval of surface water and groundwater is determined for optimal cultivation in the Sanjiang Plain. The optimal matching of the planting structure under the economic system is suitable when the mining ratio of the surface is in 44.13%–45.45% and the exploitation utilization of groundwater is in 54.82%–66.86%, the optimal planting structure under the social system is suitable when surface water mining ratio is in 47.84%–48.04% and the groundwater exploitation threshold is in 67.07%–72.00%. This article optimizes the economic-social-ecological-water system, which is important for the development of a water- and food-conserving society and providing a more accurate management environment.

关键词： economic-social-ecological     uncertainty     harmonious entropy     surface water and groundwater     utilization threshold    

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Approaching the commercial threshold of solar water splitting toward hydrogen by III-nitrides nanowires

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0870-z

摘要： Approaching the commercial threshold of solar water splitting toward hydrogen by III-nitrides nanowires

关键词： threshold solar water     splitting hydrogen III    

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Fracture model for the prediction of the electrical percolation threshold in CNTs/Polymer composites

Yang SHEN, Pengfei HE, Xiaoying ZHUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 125-136 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0396-8

摘要： In this paper, we propose a 3D stochastic model to predict the percolation threshold and the effective electric conductivity of CNTs/Polymer composites. We consider the tunneling effect in our model so that the unrealistic interpenetration can be avoided in the identification of the conductive paths between the CNTs inside the polymer. The results are shown to be in good agreement with reported experimental data.

关键词： electrical percolation     CNTs/Polymer composites     fracture model     electric conductivity     tunnelling effects    

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Blind identification of threshold auto-regressive model for machine fault diagnosis

LI Zhinong, HE Yongyong, CHU Fulei, WU Zhaotong

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第1期   页码 46-49 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0007-9

摘要： A blind identification method was developed for the threshold auto-regressive (TAR) model. The method had good identification accuracy and rapid convergence, especially for higher order systems. The proposed method was then combined with the hidden Markov model (HMM) to determine the auto-regressive (AR) coefficients for each interval used for feature extraction, with the HMM as a classifier. The fault diagnoses during the speed-up and speed-down processes for rotating machinery have been successfully completed. The result of the experiment shows that the proposed method is practical and effective.

关键词： speed-up     classifier     practical     extraction     experiment    

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我国农业水资源形势与高效利用战略举措

王浩,汪林,杨贵羽,贾玲,姚懿真,张瑀桐

《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第5期   页码 9-15 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.002

摘要：

21 世纪以来，我国耕地面积、灌溉面积和粮食主产区不断向北方集中，北粮南运进一步加剧了水土资源错位，农业水资源胁迫度增加，黄河以北主产区地下水利用难以持续。为支撑国家粮食安全，提供合理的农业水资源基本保障，本文在系统梳理我国农业水资源形势、粮食生产与消费状况、粮食作物灌溉需求空间分布与适水种植区域等基础上，以满足未来粮食消费需求、不逾越用水总量控制红线为目标，倒逼灌溉规模和灌溉方式调整，采用定额法核算了2025 年、2030 年农田灌溉水资源需求阈值。结果表明：保障未来1×109 亩（1 亩≈ 666.667 m2 ）高标准农田用水需求，须在强化节水条件下保障农 田灌溉基本用水底线 3.23×1011 m3 ，开发利用非常规水源约 6.44×109 m3 ；提出应以适水种植提高雨水的利用，强化工程节 水和农艺节水提高灌溉水的利用，增加非常规水利用和强化管理等为重点，建设节水高效的现代灌溉农业和集雨增效的现代 旱作农业战略举措。

关键词： 农业水资源     农田灌溉用水阈值     现代旱作农业     现代灌溉农业     适水种植     战略举措    

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Advanced purification and comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorous off gas

Ping NING,Xiangyu WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 181-189 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0698-1

摘要： Yellow phosphorous is an important raw material in the chemical industry. However, during the production of yellow phosphorous, high concentrations of carbon monoxide and other impurities are released. Without appropriate purification and removal, this off gas has potential to cause severe pollution problems once released. Purified yellow phosphorous off gas can be beneficially reused as a raw material in chemical production for synthesis of high value-added chemical reagents. In this paper, the significance of purification and reutilization of yellow phosphorous off gas are explored. The principles, processes, and main characteristics of the technologies for purification and reuse of yellow phosphorus off gas (including technical measurements of impurity reduction, relevant engineering cases, and public acceptance of the technologies) are summarized. In view of the existing problems and scientific development requirements, this paper proposes several recommendations for green production based on the concept of recycle economics. We conclude that advanced purification and comprehensive reutilization can be an effective solution for heavy pollution resulting from yellow phosphorous off gassing.

关键词： yellow phosphorous off gas     purification     comprehensive utilization    

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Multi-dimensional optimization for approximate near-threshold computing

Jing Wang, Wei-wei Liang, Yue-hua Niu, Lan Gao, Wei-gong Zhang,jwang@cnu.edu.cn,zwg771@cnu.edu.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第21卷 第10期   页码 1413-1534 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000089

摘要： The demise of Dennard’s scaling has created both power and utilization wall challenges for computer systems. As transistors operating in the near-threshold region are able to obtain flexible trade-offs between power and , it is regarded as an alternative solution to the scaling challenge. A reduction in supply voltage will nevertheless generate significant reliability challenges, while maintaining an error-free system that generates high costs in both and consumption. The main purpose of research on computer architecture has therefore shifted from improvement to complex multi-objective optimization. In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional optimization approach which can effectively identify the best system configuration to establish a balance among , , and reliability. We use a dynamic programming algorithm to determine the proper voltage and approximate level based on three predictors: system , consumption, and output quality. We propose an which uses a hardware/software co-design fault injection platform to evaluate the impact of the error on output quality under (NTC). Evaluation results demonstrate that our approach can lead to a 28% improvement in output quality with a 10% drop in overall efficiency; this translates to an approximately 20% average improvement in accuracy, power, and .
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Methodologies for chemical utilization of CO

Liangnian HE, Ya Du, Chengxia MIAO, Jinquan WANG, Xiaoyong DOU, Ying WU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 224-228 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0067-y

摘要： The reactions of CO with oxirane to produce cyclic carbonate, and with aziridine to afford oxazolidine have been of interest as a useful method for its fixation by a chemical process. Highly efficient processesemploying recyclable CO -phlilic homogeneous catalyst were devised for environmentally benign synthesis of cyclic carbonates and oxazolidinones under supercritical CO without any organic solvent. These processes represent pathways for greener chemical fixations of CO to afford industrial useful materials such as organic carbonates and oxazolidinones with great potential applications.

关键词： carbon dioxide     chemical utilization     molecular catalyst     carbonate     oxazolidinone    

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CROP PROTECTION OPENS UP NEW ERA OF CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPTIONS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021431

摘要：

China is the largest agricultural producer in the world. Reducing yield losses caused by pests is an important issue and major challenge for China, especially when confronting global climate change, biological invasions and declining agricultural biodiversity of recent decades. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the impacts of changing climate on two staple crops in China, wheat and rice (https://doi.org/FASE-2021432). They reviewed the impacts of climate change on crops, crop pests and crop diseases. Basically, increased temperature would reduce crop yields and increase pest damage. Biological invasions have become a serious threat to the agriculture worldwide. Developing approaches for monitoring and controlling invasive pests, such as fall armyworm, has been recognized as high priority for China. The excessive use of highly toxic pesticides has caused considerable damage to the environment and biodiversity, which is also one of the many contributors to the increasing outbreaks of pests and diseases. In addition, understanding interaction between crop pests and plant diseases is another critical challenge for agriculture. About 80% plant viruses can be transmitted by crop pest vectors such as aphids, whiteflies and other hemipteran pests. Therefore, to solve the problem of crop pests and diseases, suitable green crop protection methods have been identified as a key components of sustainable development. This special issue of Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering outlines potential conservation and utilization of green options for crop protection.

To prevent outbreaks of crop pests, an advanced monitoring and early warning system could be the first step in crop protection. The use of science and technology in monitoring and early warning of major crop pests provides better pest management and acts as a fundamental part of an integrated plant protection strategy to achieve the goal of sustainable development of agriculture. Wu et al. (this issue) summarized the fundamental information on pest monitoring and early warning in China by documenting the history of research and application, Chinese laws and regulations related to plant protection, and the National Monitoring and Early Warning System, with the purpose of presenting the Chinese model as an example of how to promote regional management of crop pests, especially cross border pests such as fall armyworm and locust, by international cooperation across pest-impacted countries (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021411). They provide an overview of long-term Chinese efforts in the fight against major pests and to present the country’s experience in crop pest monitoring and early warning technology to the world.

Field management is a traditional conservation agriculture technique on plant protection such as no-till cropping, crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping. Shi et al. (this issue) found that soil solarization is an environmental-friendly promising strategy that achieved complete mortality to the larvae of Bradysia cellarum (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021402). Crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping of different crops or plants could help to reduce the outbreak of crop pests and diseases. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the interactions and trade-offs between plants and entomophagous arthropods, and discussed a landscape management method by sowing flowering plants in agricultural fields (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021427). However, such methods are limited when crop pests have already become well established in crop fields.

Pesticides are widely used in the crop protection. The ideal pesticide should have high effectiveness in the control crop pests but low toxicity to non-target organisms. In this case, biopesticides including biochemical pesticides, microbial pesticides and plant-incorporated protectants are considered to be potential ideal pesticides for crop protection. Biochemical pesticides are the naturally occurring substances, they are derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Microbial pesticides mainly rely on bacteria, fungi, virus or protozoans as the active agent. They are environment-friendly biopesticides with high effectiveness and species-specificity, and have been commercialized worldwide, for example, Bacillus thuringiensis. Plant-incorporated protectants are products that are genetically incorporated into plant tissues including chemicals, proteins or dsRNA for pest control or anti-microbial activity. Qu et al. (this issue) systematically introduced bioinsecticides for pest control and discussed current constraints that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely used and proposed the future research directions in this issue (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021404). Xu et al. (this issue) optimized synthesis process of an anti-plant-virus candidate drug NK0238, and evaluated the antivirus activity and environmental safety of this product (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021390). Zhu et al. (this issue) investigated a new family of natural cyclic lipodepsipeptides with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. By genetic manipulation of accessory genes in the WAP biosynthetic gene cluster, new WAP-8294As were produced in Lysobacter, which confirmed the possibility to expand the spectrum of the biocontrol compounds (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021410). In addition, structural biology studies on action targets provides important insights on molecular functions. Using a structure-based drug design strategy, Zheng et al. (this issue) prepared a battery of novel triketone-quinoxaline compounds, which could be potentially applied to design new herbicides targeting p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021401).

With the development and application of new biotechnology in agriculture, opportunities for crop protection are great becoming more abundant, opening new approaches, such as genetic engineering, to improve the plant resistance against crop pests and diseases. It is now feasible to control pests by directly targeting genes that are essential for the development and survival of insects and pathogenic microorganisms, for example, the sterile insect technique based on gene-drive and RNA interference using dsRNA. In addition, it has been confirmed that some gene families are effective targets that indirectly contribute to crop pests and diseases protection by targeting the plant biochemical synthesis or virus transmitting pathways. In this case, identifying new genes associated with the interaction between crops, insects, microorganisms should be a key focus, both now and in the future. Huang et al. (this issue) summarized the recent research on the interaction between plant viruses and insect vectors, and discussed the potential control strategies to prevent the transmission of insect-vectored plant viruses using RNAi technology, gene editing technology and gene-driven technology (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021389).

We anticipate that the ideas and approaches highlighted in this issue will help broaden reader’s perspectives on every increasing prospect for a new era of sustainable and environment-friendly agricultural pest management.

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Recent development of vibration utilization engineering

WEN Bangchun

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第1期   页码 1-9 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0017-2

摘要： The utilization of vibration and wave, which was developed during the latter half of the 20th century, is one of the most valueable technology applications and has been rapidly developing recently . Because the technique is closely associated with industry and agriculture, it can create huge social and economical benefits and provide excellent services for society. Thus, due to its necessity in industry and daily life, extensive research has been devoted to vibration utillization engineering. In this paper, vibration utilization is classified into linear or non-linear vibrations, waves, and electric-magnetic oscillations. Their phenomena, patterns, and applications in nature and society are introduced. Some research results about vibration utilization engineering are described.

关键词： utilization engineering     non-linear     vibration     vibration utillization     utillization engineering    

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改进的阈值法在毫米波目标辐射信号去噪中的应用

范庆辉,李兴国

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第7期   页码 153-157

摘要：

根据毫米波目标辐射信号小波变换的特征，使用非负小波系数作信号的小波系数，对于确定的阈值，令小于阈值的小波系数为零，大于阈值的小波系数减去常数a ，利用信号的方差函数推导了a 的取值方 法，实验表明该方法有良好的去除毫米波目标辐射信号噪声的能力

关键词： 毫米波目标辐射信号     硬阈值法     软阈值法     均方差     贝叶斯阈值    

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China’s policy framework for carbon capture, utilization and storage: Review, analysis, and outlook

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 400-411 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0862-z

摘要： Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is estimated to contribute substantial CO2 emission reduction to carbon neutrality in China. There is yet a large gap between such enormous demand and the current capacity, and thus a sound enabling environment with sufficient policy support is imperative for CCUS development. This study reviewed 59 CCUS-related policy documents issued by the Chinese government as of July 2022, and found that a supporting policy framework for CCUS is taking embryonic form in China. More than ten departments of the central government have involved CCUS in their policies, of which the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), and the Ministry of Ecological Environment (MEE) have given the greatest attention with different focuses. Specific policy terms are further analyzed following the method of content analysis and categorized into supply-, environment- and demand-type policies. The results indicate that supply-type policies are unbalanced in policy objectives, as policy terms on technology research and demonstration greatly outnumber those on other objectives, and the attention to weak links and industrial sectors is far from sufficient. Environment-type policies, especially legislations, standards, and incentives, are inadequate in pertinence and operability. Demand-type policies are absent in the current policy system but is essential to drive the demand for the CCUS technology in domestic and foreign markets. To meet the reduction demand of China’s carbon neutral goal, policies need to be tailored according to needs of each specific technology and implemented in an orderly manner with well-balanced use on multiple objectives.

关键词： carbon capture     utilization     and storage (CCUS)     policy     content analysis     China    

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Analysis and prediction of the influence of energy utilization on air quality in Beijing

LI Lin, HAO Jiming, HU Jingnan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 339-344 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0058-5

摘要： This work evaluates the influence of energy consumption on the future air quality in Beijing, using 2000 as the base year and 2008 as the target year. It establishes the emission inventory of primary PM, SO and NO related to energy utilization in eight areas of Beijing. The air quality model was adopted to simulate the temporal and spatial distribution of each pollutant concentration in the eight urban areas. Their emission, concentration distribution, and sectoral share responsibility rate were analyzed, and air quality in 2008 was predicted. The industrial sector contributed above 40% of primary PM and SO resulting from energy consumption, while vehicles accounted for about 65% of NO. According to the current policy and development trend, air quality in the eight urban areas could become better in 2008 when the average concentrations of primary PM, SO and NO related to energy utilization at each monitored site are predicted to be about 25, 50 and 51 μg/m, respectively.
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Multi-color space threshold segmentation and self-learning k-NN algorithm for surge test EUT status

Jian HUANG,Gui-xiong LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第11卷 第3期   页码 311-315 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0376-z

摘要：

The identification of targets varies in different surge tests. A multi-color space threshold segmentation and self-learning k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN) for equipment under test status identification was proposed after using feature matching to identify equipment status had to train new patterns every time before testing. First, color space (L*a*b*, hue saturation lightness (HSL), hue saturation value (HSV)) to segment was selected according to the high luminance points ratio and white luminance points ratio of the image. Second, the unknown class sample Sr was classified by the k-NN algorithm with training set Tz according to the feature vector, which was formed from number of pixels, eccentricity ratio, compactness ratio, and Euler’s numbers. Last, while the classification confidence coefficient equaled k, made Sr as one sample of pre-training set Tz′. The training set Tz increased to Tz+1 by Tz′ if Tz′ was saturated. In nine series of illuminant, indicator light, screen, and disturbances samples (a total of 21600 frames), the algorithm had a 98.65% identification accuracy, also selected five groups of samples to enlarge the training set from T0 to T5 by itself.

关键词： multi-color space     k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN)     self-learning     surge test    

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基于时序优化长短期记忆和自适应阈值的高排放重型柴油车识别 Research Article

许镇义1,王仁军1,2,曹洋1,3,4,康宇1,3,4

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第24卷 第11期   页码 1633-1646 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2300005

摘要： 在实际场景中，重型柴油车是城市氮氧化物的重要来源，其排放的氮氧化物（NOx）占车辆总排放量的80％以上，颗粒物（PM）占90％以上。检测和控制重型柴油车的排放对保护公众健康至关重要。目前，道路上的车辆必须每6个月或每年定期检测一次，在车辆检查站过滤出高排放的移动源。然而，由于年检间隔时间较长，很难及时有效地筛选出高排放车辆，而且固定的阈值不能适应车辆驾驶工况的动态变化。车载诊断设备（OBD）安装在车辆内部，可以连续跟踪和实时记录排放数据。本文提出一种时间优化长短期记忆（LSTM）和自适应动态阈值方法，使用OBD数据识别重型高排放车辆。首先，建立一个时间优化LSTM排放预测模型，以解决实际中大量OBD数据流造成的时间步注意力偏重问题。然后，利用灵活的阈值标准检测浓度预测误差序列，以区分异常排放情况，该阈值随驾驶条件变化自适应计算得到。最后，引入时间序列的相似性度量策略，以纠正一些假的异常结果。在3个真实OBD时间序列排放数据集上的实验表明，该方法得到优异的高排放源识别结果。

关键词： 高排放识别；时序优化；车载诊断设备（OBD）；动态阈值    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Utilization threshold of surface water and groundwater based on the system optimization of crop planting

Qiang FU,Jiahong LI,Tianxiao LI,Dong LIU,Song CUI

期刊论文

Approaching the commercial threshold of solar water splitting toward hydrogen by III-nitrides nanowires

期刊论文

Fracture model for the prediction of the electrical percolation threshold in CNTs/Polymer composites

Yang SHEN, Pengfei HE, Xiaoying ZHUANG

期刊论文

Blind identification of threshold auto-regressive model for machine fault diagnosis

LI Zhinong, HE Yongyong, CHU Fulei, WU Zhaotong

期刊论文

我国农业水资源形势与高效利用战略举措

王浩,汪林,杨贵羽,贾玲,姚懿真,张瑀桐

期刊论文

Advanced purification and comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorous off gas

Ping NING,Xiangyu WANG

期刊论文

Multi-dimensional optimization for approximate near-threshold computing

Jing Wang, Wei-wei Liang, Yue-hua Niu, Lan Gao, Wei-gong Zhang,jwang@cnu.edu.cn,zwg771@cnu.edu.cn

期刊论文

Methodologies for chemical utilization of CO

Liangnian HE, Ya Du, Chengxia MIAO, Jinquan WANG, Xiaoyong DOU, Ying WU

期刊论文

CROP PROTECTION OPENS UP NEW ERA OF CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPTIONS

期刊论文

Recent development of vibration utilization engineering

WEN Bangchun

期刊论文

改进的阈值法在毫米波目标辐射信号去噪中的应用

范庆辉,李兴国

期刊论文

China’s policy framework for carbon capture, utilization and storage: Review, analysis, and outlook

期刊论文

Analysis and prediction of the influence of energy utilization on air quality in Beijing

LI Lin, HAO Jiming, HU Jingnan

期刊论文

Multi-color space threshold segmentation and self-learning k-NN algorithm for surge test EUT status

Jian HUANG,Gui-xiong LIU

期刊论文

基于时序优化长短期记忆和自适应阈值的高排放重型柴油车识别

许镇义1,王仁军1,2,曹洋1,3,4,康宇1,3,4

期刊论文